Political neutrality of civil servants has been regarded as one of the cardinal principles in democratic governments. Is its sanctity being maintained in practice in India? Elucidate
Paper 2 : Civil Service | 2020
Political Neutrality is not allowing own personal political affiliation or beliefs to determine or influence the discharge of one’s official duties and responsibilities. Implement decisions and administer the public services under their charge in a just and fair manner.
Cardinal Principle of Democratic Government:
Civil Service Neutrality is one of the hallmarks of Weberian bureaucracy and a distinguishing character from other institutions.
Uphold public interest and long-term good by objectively advising political masters without being biased toward any political ideology
Ensure peaceful transfer of power
Promote other values like anonymity and ministerial responsibility to ensure a cordial relationship between public representatives and bureaucracy
Sanctity in Practice:
Nehru Era (50s, 60s) - Era of neutrality without interference
Indira Gandhi Era (70s) - -Demanded committed bureaucracy to policy, indirectly became to party, those who were not committed were transferred to harsh postings
Coalition Era (late 80s) - according to NN Vohra committee 1993 - nexus between politicians, bureaucrats, and criminals. Bureaucracy was criticized as a frame without steel, pliable bureaucracy
2014 onwards - Majority party government - measures to reduce committed bureaucracy. Steps like AIS conduct rules (neutrality term used for the first time), new promotional system, Perform or perish culture.
Need a change in political culture and all other personnel processes along with corruption-related reforms to bring a sustained long-term change towards neutrality
According to Masterman Committee (UK) - a neutral bureaucracy is better than a politicized bureaucracy given the conditions in India like casteism, communalism, regionalism, terrorism
Since India is a highly diverse country, a society in transition, it simply cannot afford a politicized bureaucracy.
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